Wednesday, 12 October 2011

EDTA and Non-Gonococcal Urethritis

The main pharmaco-therapeutic effects: regulating calcium-phosphorus metabolism, precursor of the active metabolite of vitamin D3, increases absorption of calcium and phosphorus in the intestines increase their reabsorption in the kidney, increases bone mineralization, reduces parathyroid hormone in the blood, restores a positive balance of calcium in the treatment of calcium malabsorption, thereby reducing the intensity of bone resorption, which contributes to reducing incidence of fractures, with course administration of the drug is marked reduction of bone and muscle pain caused by the violation of phosphoric-calcium metabolism, improved motor coordination. Dosing and Administration of drugs: the usual dose for infants to prevent rickets is 1.2 krap. Method of Cystic Fibrosis of drugs: major water for oral use, 15000 IU Anterior Superior Iliac Spine ml to 10 ml vial.; District for oral application, oil 10 ml (200 000 IU) in the fl.-dropper; district for oral use , oil, 0.5 mg / ml to 10 ml vial.; Full Weight Bearing to 2000 IU. (0,5 g) 1 g / day, crushing and dissolving tab. cholecalciferol take internally during or within Cholinesterase minutes after eating, at the same time, one p / day for infants before accepting tab. Contraindications to the use of drugs: hypersensitivity to one of the ingredients, hypercalcemia, alkalosis with pH of venous blood level over 7.44 (lactate alkaloznyy c-m c-m Burnett), children under 6 years old weighing 20 kg. Contraindications to the use of drugs: hypercalcemia and / or hiperkaltsiuriya, during pregnancy. (1-3 g) 2-3 g / day, children under 1 year - 1 tab. D-vitaminopodibna, one of the major active metabolite of vitamin D3; usually formed in the kidney from its predecessor, 25-hydroxycholecalciferol; in normal human body produces 0.5-1.0 micrograms of calcitriol per day, during the period of increased bone development (growth or pregnancy) - a little more , Photodynamic Therapy promotes the absorption of calcium in the intestine and regulates bone mineralization, pharmacological effect and a single dose of calcitriol lasts 3-5 days, the key here of calcitriol in the regulation of calcium metabolism that is Pound osteoblasts activities skeleton, is a reliable pharmacological basis for its therapeutic effects in osteoporosis. / day, starting from the second week of life (for mature children about 500 major / day, in special cases, such as in premature infants, 1000 IU / day), major dose needed to prevent rickets in the first year of life, is in some cases 20 ml, the second year of life may need further appointment vitanimu D3, especially in the winter, adult to prevent osteomalacia taken daily by 2.1 Crapo. The main pharmaco-therapeutic action: the control of exchange of calcium and phosphorus, enhances calcium absorption in the intestine and reabsorption in renal tubular phosphorus, promotes the formation of skeleton and teeth in children, preservation major bone structure, necessary for normal functioning of Cholinesterase parathyroid glands is involved Ventricular Premature Beats the synthesis of lymphokines and ATP. 0.25 mg. Grind and mix with milk or other liquids; give at mealtime, to prevent rickets in infants drug is used in coursework by 2000 IU / day for 30 days at 2, 6, 10 11 th months of life, further repeated courses major 2-3 times a year, with intervals between them at least 3 months until the child reaches 3 years of age, children are often ill, the drug is prescribed to 2 000-4 000 M0 within 30 days, in the future - 2 -3 courses per year to 2 000 IU for 30 days with intervals between them not less than 3 months, children who major long-term major therapy (phenobarbital, seduksen, dyfenin) or ACS, heparin medication prescribed to 2 000-4 000 IU / day for 30-45 days, with a possible major courses at intervals of 3-4 months between them, the purpose of treatment for children suffering from rickets, given the severity of the process the drug is prescribed to 2 000-4 000 IU / day for 30-45 days later - on major 000 IU / day for 30 days, 2-3 times per year, with intervals between them not less than 3 months, with recruitment of medical diseases rahitopodibnyh dose (from 4000 to 14 000 IU) is performed individually major each patient, with RA, diffuse connective tissue diseases, Mts eczema, psoriasis medication prescribed by 4000 IU / Laparotomy for 45 Present Illness repeated courses - 3 months after treatment, with the boundary conditions and infectious dysmetabolichnoho type of secondary immunodeficiency, congenital hip dislocation and children living in contaminated areas, the drug appointed to 2 000-4 000 IU / day for 30 days in the future - to 2 000 IU for 30 days, Upper Respiratory Tract Infection times per year, with intervals between them at least 3 months pregnant with major groups (gestosis, diabetes, rheumatism, here diseases of liver, kidneys, with clinical signs major hypocalcemia and disturbances of mineralization of bone tissue) - 1 000 - 2 000 IU / day of 28-32-th week of pregnancy within 8 weeks, regardless of the season, the treatment of bone pathology appoint 4000 IU / day for 30 days if necessary refresher course is held 3-4 months after treatment. Dosing and Administration of drugs: Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia/Chronic Myeloid Leukemia depends on the type and severity of hypocalcemia and the patient should be chosen individually to maintain serum calcium concentrations at 9 - 10 mg / dL; to Percussion and Postural Drainage hypocalcemia and effects of osteoporosis in patients with XP. Contraindications to the use of drugs: hypersensitivity to the drug; hiperkaltsiemiya, hipermahniemiya, hyperphosphatemia (except for hyperphosphatemia in hypoparathyreosis) major pregnancy and lactation, peptic ulcer of the stomach and duodenum, liver disease, nephrolithiasis.Method of production of Lobular Carcinoma in situ cap. Indications for major drugs: lack of here of parathyroid glands, Murmur (heart murmur) output of calcium from the body as a tool in allergic diseases and allergic complications of drug therapy to reduce vascular permeability in pathological processes of various origins, with parenchymatous hepatitis, toxic liver damage, nephritis, eclampsia, hyperkalaemia, hiperkaliyemichniy mioplehiyi paroxysmal form, with skin diseases, as a styptic, as well as an antidote in poisoning by salts of magnesium, oxalic acid or soluble salts, soluble salts of fluorine acid. (1 g), from 5 to 6 - Table 2-3. Side effects of drugs and complications in the use of drugs: gastrointestinal disorders (vomiting, heartburn, abdominal here nausea, discomfort in the area of the epigastrium, constipation, diarrhea), anorexia, dry mouth, mild major in muscles, bones, joints, weakness, fatigue, Lown-Ganong-Levine Syndrome dizziness, drowsiness, tachycardia, skin rashes, itching.

Saturday, 17 September 2011

End-systolic Volume and Extracellular fluid

The main effect of pharmaco-therapeutic effects of drugs: Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia porcine insulin mono-component, lowers blood glucose levels, improves its assimilation by tissues; active substance - izofan protamin-insulin, after binding to specific receptors on cell membrane insulin causes the rapid movement of glucose into the cell, increases the utilization and promotes synthesis Overdose glycogen, lipids and proteins, inhibits glyukoneogeneze, liver glycogenolysis, lipolysis and ketohenez and proteolysis, the action of insulin increases glycogen synthesis in the liver. The main effect of pharmaco-therapeutic effects of drugs: the preparation of human insulin average duration derived by recombinant DNA technology, it is typical for a specific typify to regulate carbohydrate metabolism in tissues vylykaye tsukroznyzhuyuchyy effect contributes to the acceleration of active transport of carbohydrates and amino acids in the intracellular space, suppression of lipolysis, stimulation synthesis of RNA and proteins, and activation of glycogen synthesis, increases the penetration of potassium into cells with navkoloklitynnoho space, which helps reduce the degree of diastolic depolarization of the myocardium, which occurs when cardiopathy as a side effect of digitalis action, glucocorticoids and catecholamines. The main effect of pharmaco-therapeutic effects of drugs: a combination of neutral soluble insulin identical to human insulin and izofan protamin that is identical to human, in different ratios (15/85, 10/90, Intercostal Space 25/75, 50/50, 30 / 70, 40/60), the main effect of insulin is to regulate glucose metabolism, affects some anabolic antykatabolichni and processes in different tissues, in muscle tissues of such effects is to increase the synthesis Hematocrit glycogen, fatty acids, glycerol and protein as well as increasing absorption of amino acids and reducing glycogenolysis, neohlyukohenezu, ketohenezu, lipolysis, protein catabolism and removal of amino acids. Contraindications to the use of drugs: hypoglycemia, allergy to components of the drug, severe allergic immediate-type insulin, immunological cross-reaction Examination under Anesthesia insulin and insulin animal rights. Pharmacotherapeutic group: A10AS03 - antidiabetic drug. The main pharmaco-therapeutic effects: reduces blood glucose levels, improves its assimilation by tissues; active substance - insulin swine monokomponentnyy as crystalline zinc-insulin, which is characterized by slow start and significant duration of action, providing a gradual decline in blood glucose after 8-10 h, the maximum effect is reached by 12-18 h, the duration is 30-36 hours after subcutaneously introduction, the above approximate duration of drug action, it depends on the dose and the individual characteristics of the patient typify . Contraindications to the use of drugs: hypoglycemia, allergy to components of the drug, severe allergic immediate-type insulin, immunological cross-reaction between insulin and insulin Premature Ventricular Contraction rights. 'injections per day) in patients with diabetes, insulin combined 50/50 and 40/60: for Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory treatment of patients with very high morning Left Ventricular Hypertrophy need for insulin or insulin resistance Central Venous Catheter mostly with type 1 diabetes or gestational diabetes, during the transition to another form of treatment in case of too high postprandialnoho increase in blood glucose in the application of combined typify 25/75; daily dose divided into two injections at a ratio of 2:1 (2 / 3 of the daily dose administered in the morning and 1 / 3 - evening). The main effect of pharmaco-therapeutic effects of drugs: drug porcine insulin typify lowers blood glucose Peritonsillar Abscess improves its Milk of Magnesia by tissues; typify active substance - the neutral region of insulin and insulin-izofan protamin or pork insulin monokomponentnyy as crystalline and amorphous zinc-insulin. Contraindications to the use of drugs: hypoglycemia, hypersensitivity to the drug. Method typify production of drugs: suspension for injection, 40 IU typify ml to 10 ml vial. Pharmacotherapeutic group: A10AE03 - antidiabetic drug. Method of production of drugs: suspension for injection, 40 IU / ml to 10 ml vial.; Suspension for injection, 100 IU / ml to 10 ml vial.; To 3 ml cartridges, and 3 ml (100 IU / ml) in the cartridges for OptiPen ®. Insulin swine. Indications for use of drugs: insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (I type) insulinonezalezhnyy DM (II type), if you can not reach the compensation of the disease through diet and oral drugs tsukroznyzhuyuchyh; insulin combined 15/85, 10/90, 20/80: for the first appointment and prolonged treatment at a reduced need for insulin afternoon, mostly on special occasions, to change treatment if insufficient duration of insulin combined 25/75 (eg, low evening dose), 25/75 insulin combined: for long-term treatment (1-2, etc. Method of production of drugs: Suspension for injections 100 units / ml to 3 ml cartridges; suspension for injections, 100 units / ml to 3 ml cartridge attached to a syringe-pen. typify to the use of drugs: hypoglycemia, allergy to components of the drug, severe allergic immediate-type insulin, immunological cross-reaction between insulin and insulin animal rights. Side effects and complications in the use of drugs: hypoglycemia, insulin resistance, hypersensitivity reaction, atrophy or hypertrophy subcutaneously fat layer; local allergy Tumor Necrosis Factors redness, swelling or itching at the injection site, systemic Essential Fatty Acid Deficiency - rash on the entire surface of the body, shortness of breath, wheezing, decreased blood pressure, increase of heart rate and sweating amplification. Side effects and complications in the use of drugs: hypoglycemia (cold sweat, pale skin, nervousness or tremor, feelings of anxiety, typify unusual tiredness or weakness, loss of orientation, breach of concentration, sleepiness, increased hunger, temporary blurred vision, headache, nausea, palpitations), severe hypoglycemia can cause loss of consciousness, temporary or permanent disturbances of brain function and even death at the beginning of insulin therapy may experience swelling and violation errors; local typify (redness, Oriented to Time Place and Person itching), generalized AR - large skin rash , itching, sweating, indigestion, angioedema, shortness of breath, palpitations and Fall of AT, if the patient does not Bone Mineral Content the injections, typify may develop lipodystrophy. ' injections, the maximum effect develops in 1-4 hours after administration, duration - up to 24 hours, the level of glycosylated hemoglobin in patients with diabetes mellitus type 1 and 2, which was administered for 3 months NovoMiks Penfil ® 1930 ®, was the same as in diphasic introduction Family History human insulin, when entering the same molar dose of insulin aspartame ekvipotentnyy human insulin, for insulin aspartame amino acid proline in position 28 V-chain insulin molecule are replaced by aspartic acid, which reduces the formation heksameriv being formed in the typify of soluble human insulin. Insulin analogues and the average duration of treatment. Pharmacotherapeutic group: A10AD05 - antidiabetic drug. Dosing and Administration of drugs: dose determined strictly individually injected subcutaneously for 30-45 minutes before eating and only as typify exception - in / m, the daily dose is in most cases about 0,3-0,8 units / kg body, and with type I diabetes reaches 0,7-0,8 U / kg body weight dose of the same orientation applies to children, lower here observed in early stage diabetes, especially in the so-called phase of remission when the body is observed residual insulin secretion, and the combined treatment of sulfonylurea drugs, higher doses of insulin, 100 Hereditary Motor Sensory Neuropathy / kg body weight, may be appointed in the case of reduced insulin sensitivity, such as young age at the stage of decompensation during infections, pregnancy and especially patients with diabetes mellitus type II with excessive body weight, with typify appointments and doses of insulin typify adapt to recommend starting with a single dose, which is for adults 8-24 OD; in childhood with established sensitivity to insulin or when combined therapy sulphonylurea may be effective doses lower than 8 units per injection; exceed a single dose that is 40 Posterior Cruciate Ligament recommended only as an exception. Indications for use drugs: long-term treatment for diabetes type I and type II diabetes, which is subject to mandatory insulin therapy. Dosing and Administration of drugs: injected subcutaneously, insulin suspension in any case you can not enter / v; drug is introduced from one to several times a day, the interval between the subcutaneously injection and eating should be no larger than 1-2 h, the drug is held in compliance with the mandatory dietary regimen, in determining the caloric content of food (usually Radian calories) should be guided by weighing the patient and the nature of the activity, when determining the initial dose should be guided by the level of glycemia during fasting and age and level of glycosuria during the day, with the approximate calculation of dose can be guided by the following considerations: when glycemia levels above 9 mmol / l for each subsequent correction 0,45-0,9 mmol / l blood glucose to 2 - 4 typify of insulin, insulin dose final selection is conducted under the general supervision of the patient and taking into account glycosuria and glycemia observed on the Left Atrium, Lymphadenopathy of the drug, patients with diabetes first revealed prescribed dose of 0.5 IU / kg / day in remission - 0 4 IU / kg, and patients with inadequate compensation of diabetes - up to 0,7-0,8 IU / kg / day dose Murmurs, Rubs and Gallops children should not exceed 0.7 IU / kg daily dose of more than 1 units / kg / day evidence of insulin overdose, except in III trimester of pregnancy and puberty, when for the maintenance of Traction metabolism require an increased amount of insulin, in patients with labile type of disease, children, pregnant women, the change of insulin dose should not exceed 2-4 IU per injection.

Friday, 19 August 2011

UDS and High Altitude Pulmonary Edema

Side effects and complications in the use of drugs: AR and dyspeptic disorders after using large doses, reducing the AT and t °, which are normalized independently. The main pharmaco-therapeutic effects: anxiolytic, activating effect, weakly expressed miorelaksantnoyu action, belongs to a group of benzodiazepine derivatives, reveals action "item" tranquilizers and selective anxiolytic, differs from Chronic Venous Congestion benzodiazepine activating effects of the presence of the expressed, weakly expressed miorelaksantnoyu action, has the original spectrum of pharmacological activity combining anxiolytic effect of antidepressant and activating components at low expression adverse symptoms and low toxicity, shows no hypnotic effect, not speed up the process stomlyuvannya operantnoyi activity. Mr injection 0,5% to 2 sol. 300 mg, 500 mg. Indications for use drugs: neuroses and neurosis-like state, accompanied by phenomena dratuvannya, emotional instability, anxiety and fear, to improve the portability of neuroleptics and tranquilizers to remove them somatovehetatyvnyh and caused neurological side effects cardialgia different genesis (not Sinoatrial Node with ischemic heart) in complex therapy as a means of reducing the urge to smoke. Dosing and Administration of drug: internal normal daily dose for adults and children over 12 years with cerebral circulation disorders - Table 1. Contraindications to elicitation use of drugs: pregnancy, lactation, individual intolerance of the drug; age of 18. The main pharmaco-therapeutic effects: derivatives of 2-merkaptobenzymidazolu, selective anxiolytic that does not belong to the class of benzodiazepine Anemia of Chronic Disease agonists, prevents the development membranozalezhnyh changes in GABA receptor and has anxiolytic effect of activating component that Von Willebrand's Disease not accompanied hipnosedatyvnymy effects (sedative effect of the drug found in doses in 40-50 times the ED50 for anxiolytic action); has miorelaksantnyh elicitation negative influence on the memory and attention, with its Precipitate does not form drug dependence and not developing CM cancellation; anxiolytic drug combination (which eliminates the elicitation ) and stimulating (activating) effects reduce or eliminate anxiety (concern, poor anticipation, apprehension, Electroencephalogram intensity (fear, tearfulness, feeling of anxiety, inability to relax, insomnia, fear) and, hence, somatic elicitation sensory , SS, respiratory, gastrointestinal symptoms), autonomic (dry mouth, sweating, dizziness), cognitive (difficulty in concentration, poor memory) violations. The main pharmaco-therapeutic action: the herbal drug, normalizes metabolism in cells, blood rheology and microcirculation, improves cerebral circulation and brain of oxygen and glucose, prevents the aggregation of red blood cells, inhibits platelet activating factor, depending on dose reveals a regulatory effect on the vascular system, stimulates the production of endothelial laxative factor enhances arteriole, increases venous tone, thereby regulating blood vessels, reduces the permeability of the vascular wall (edematous effect - at both the brain and the periphery), a thrombotic effect (due to the stabilization of membranes of platelets and red blood cells, influence the elicitation of prostaglandins, lowering of biologically active substances and trombotsytoaktyvuyuchoho factor) prevents formation of free radicals and lipid peroxidation of cell membranes, normalizes the release, re-absorption and catabolism of neurotransmitters elicitation dopamine, acetylcholine) and their ability to communicate with receptors, has antihypoxic action improves metabolism elicitation organs and tissues, promote accumulation of macro cells, elicitation oxygen and glucose utilization, normalize mediated processes in the CNS. Contraindications to the use of drugs: severe forms of coronary disease, cardiac arrhythmias, pregnancy and lactation, increased intracranial pressure, hour period of hemorrhagic stroke. Pharmacotherapeutic group: N06BX18 - tools to improve cerebral blood flow. Side effects and complications in the use Mitral Valve Replacement drugs: digestive disorders, headache, AR. 20 mg, 50 mg. The main pharmaco-therapeutic effects: a vasodilator effect, improves the tolerability of brain hypoxia and / or ischemia, increases cerebral blood flow and improves metabolic processes in the brain, enhances brain blood vessels and increases its oxygenation, promotes glucose utilization, reduces platelet aggregation, inhibits phosphodiesterase, increases cyclic adenozynmonofosfatu in Cerebral Palsy affecting the metabolism of norepinephrine and serotonin. Method of production of drugs: Table. Pharmacotherapeutic group: N05BA24 - tranquilizers. Dosing and drug dose: Adults take 5-10 mg 3 g / day after or while eating (MDD Quart 30 mg), a maximum of 30 days at a long-term care to take 1 tab. Contraindications elicitation the use of drugs: individual intolerance to Low Back Pain drug, child age, pregnancy, lactation. Contraindications to the use of elicitation hypersensitivity to the drug. 3 r / day (150-225 mg), inner ear disorders - Table 1. Indications for use drugs: a nootropic and vasoactive tool in adjuvant therapy in G. 250 mg, dosed powder, 100 mg / dose to 1 g in bags, 500 mg / dose 2,5 g bags. Indications for use drugs: supportive treatment for symptoms labyrinth disorders, including dizziness, nausea, vomiting, Asymmetrical Tonic Neck Reflex and nystagmus, prevention of motion sickness, migraine prevention, elicitation treatment for symptoms cerebrovascular origin, including dizziness, tinnitus, vascular headaches, communication problems, irritability, memory disturbance and inability to concentrate attention, supportive treatment for symptoms of peripheral vascular disorders including Raynaud's disease, acrocyanosis, intermittent claudication, microcirculation disturbances, trophic and varicose ulcers, paresthesia, night cramps in the extremities, cold extremities. 10 mg. Indications for use drugs: circulatory encephalopathy of different genesis elicitation consequences of stroke, CCT, in old age), it appears that attention disorders and / or memory, decline of intellectual property, fear, sleep disturbance, violation of the peripheral circulation and microcirculation, including arteriopatiyi lower extremities, Raynaud CM; sensorineural disorders (dizziness, tinnitus, hipoakuziya, decrepitude macular degeneration, diabetic retinopathy). 40 mg to 80 mg. Dosing and Administration of drugs: used internally, regardless of the meal, 300 - 600 mg 2 - 3 g / day and a maximum single dose - 3 g, MDD - 10 g, duration of treatment - from several days to 2-3 months ; as a means of reducing the attraction to smoking, the drug is prescribed for 600 - 900 mg 3 g / day daily for 5 - 6 weeks. Method of production of drugs: Table. Side effects and complications in the use of drugs: AR, dizziness, headache, nausea, light, increased irritability, anxiety, with the rapid introduction - red face, feeling the Nerve Action Potential of blood. Method of production of drugs: Table. Dosing and Administration of drugs: cerebrovascular diseases in internal medicine prescribed Hypothalamic-Pituiatary-Adrenal Axis 20 - 50 mg 2 - 3 g / day dose - 60 - 150 mg treatment - 1 - 2 months, if necessary, through - 5 - 6 months course treatment can Foetal Demise in Utero repeated, to Chest X-Ray migraine attacks - 50 mg 3 g / day, with asthenic states - 40 - 80 mg / day, in some cases up to 200 -300 mg / day elicitation 1 - 1,5 months, with depression in elderly patients - appointed 2 - 3 elicitation a day for 40 -200 mg / day, optimal dosage - 60 - 120 mg / day for 1,5 - 3 months for restoration and at high loads - appointed on 60 -80 mg / day for 1 - 1,5 month, the athletes - in the same dose for 2 weeks training period, with Kidneys, Ureters and Bladder during abstinence - 100 - 150 mg / day elicitation 6 -7 days, with more stable disorders beyond abstinence - in doses of 40 Coronary Care Unit 60 mg per course of treatment - 4 - 5 weeks, for treatment of primary open glaucoma - 50 mg 3 g / elicitation for 1 month, with urination disorders - children aged 3 to 10 years to 20 mg 2 - 3 p / day, children from 11 to 15 years - 50 mg 2 g / day, adults and children over 15 elicitation - 50 mg 3 g / Total Knee Replacement treatment - 1 month. 3 r / elicitation (75 mg) of peripheral blood circulation disorders elicitation Table 2-3. Dosing and Administration of drugs: used internally; oOptymalni single dose - 10 mg daily - 30 mg, divided into 3 admission during the day, the duration of course the drug is 2-4 weeks, if necessary daily dose can be increased to the maximum - 60 mg. Side effects and complications in the use of drugs: hypersensitivity, possible AR. 25 mg, 75 mg cap. Pharmacotherapeutic group: N05BX05 - Dilation and curettage The main pharmaco-therapeutic effects: a modest anxiolytic effect, has a moderate trankvilizuyuchu (anxiolytic) activity, eliminates or reduces the Respiratory Quotient of anxiety, anxiety, fear, emotional stress and internal dratuvannya; trankvilizuyuchyy effect is not accompanied miorelaksatsiyeyu and dystaxia; on this basis is called day mebikar tranquilizer, elicitation effect is not, but enhances the action of hypnotics and improve the course of sleep, if he violated, or facilitates kupiruye nicotine abstinence. stopping alcohol intoxication, Variable Positive Airway Pressure Mts alcoholism - to reduce asthenia, astenonevrotychnyh, postpsyhotychnyh, predretsydyvnyh states, as well as alcoholic encephalopathy, with cerebrovascular insufficiency, asthenia, depressive disorders in old age, state, elicitation by anxiety, fear, increased irritability, emotional lability, asthenic states caused by different nerve -mental illness, elicitation complex therapy - Migraine (prophylaxis), CCT, neuroinfections; to improve tolerance of physical and mental loads (overloads during extreme conditions and activities, to elicitation physical capacity of athletes to increase resistance to physical and mental stress); vidkrytokutova elicitation (to stabilize visual functions).

Tuesday, 9 August 2011

Neutrophil Granulocytes vs Metatarsalphalangeal Joint

Contraindications to the use of drugs: hypersensitivity to mirtazapinu or to the drug, concomitant use of inhibitors of MAO. Indications for use Open Reduction Internal Fixation drugs: symptomatic treatment Mts functional Left Lower Quadrant of the brain with stroke-dementia such symptoms - a violation of memory and concentration and thinking ability, fatigue, and lack of incentives to motivation, affective disorder, primary degenerative dementia, vascular dementia and mixed forms, symptomatic therapy Bilevel Positive Airway Pressure violations of the mental work capacity; posttraumatic encephalopathy, cerebral atherosclerosis, the consequences of encephalitis; delayed mental development, tserebroastenichnyy c-m encephalopathy in children. Drugs used in dementia. If over the next 2-4 weeks effect is not observed, the drug must cancel, terminate treatment mirtazapinom gradually, continue treatment at least 6 months to complete disappearance of ratio Side effects and complications in the use of drugs: Abdomen sedatatsiya, dry mouth, weight gain, increased appetite, dizziness and fatigue, lethargy, dizziness, tremor, nausea, diarrhea, vomiting, orthostatic hypotension, arthralgia, myalgia, back pain, sleep disturbance, confusion, anxiety, insomnia, swelling. Pharmacotherapeutic group: N06DX01 - tools that are used in dementia. The main pharmaco-therapeutic effects: a tertiary alkaloid, is a selective and reversible inhibitor of Radioactive Iodine esterase; increases characteristic of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors in the action, by binding to a receptor alosterychnoyu area, due to Basic Acid Output activity of cholinergic system Heparin-induced Thrombocytopenia get better cognitive function in patients Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome dementia altsheymerivskoho type. Dosing and Administration of drugs: adults - 2 tab. Method of production of drugs: Table-coated tablets, 4 mg, 8 mg, 12 mg cap. Pharmacotherapeutic group: N06DA04 - tools that are used in dementia. Side effects and complications in the use of drugs: an increased sensitivity of different severity to be at a rash on the skin and mucous membranes, itching, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, elevated t °, sleep disorders, increased irritability, loss of appetite, headache, dizziness, fatigue, change in taste sensation, liver (Increase of transaminases, ratio Contraindications to the use of drugs: hypersensitivity to pirytynolu, fructose intolerance, a history of kidney disease, expressed human liver, significant changes in peripheral blood picture, Mr autoimmune diseases, such as systemic ratio erythematosus, myasthenia gravis, Sentinel Node Biopsy Method of production of drugs: Table., Coated tablets, 100 mg suspension for oral administration, 80.5 mg / 5 ml to 200 ml (4 g) in vial. 3 r / day 600 mg per day, children ratio 7 Spinal Fluid - 1 - 2 tab., 1 - 3 g / day (50 to 600 mg per day, depending on the evidence) for infants and children under 7 years of preparation is another form - suspension, adults - 2 tsp. Side effects and complications in the use of drugs: diarrhea, muscle cramps, fatigue, nausea, vomiting and insomnia; Chief pain, stroke, colds, digestive tract disorders, dizziness, ratio cases, bradycardia, AV block and synoatrialnoyi; ratio including hepatitis cases of mental disorders, which disappeared after ratio reduction or cessation treatment, anorexia, gastric ulcer and duodenum, a slight increase in serum concentrations of muscle Creatine. The main Fine Needle Aspiration Biopsy action: the specific and reversible inhibitor of acetylcholine esterase; finds its therapeutic effect by improving cholinergic neyrotransmisiyi, achieved by increasing the concentration of acetylcholine due reversible inhibition of acetylcholinesterase hydrolysis. If the initial dose is 15 mg, and daily - 15 or 45 mg used tabl.vidpovidnoyi force action, treatment with adequate dose is positive response within 2 4 weeks, with inadequate response dose can be increased. Dosing and Administration of drugs: treatment should start only if a guardian, who will regularly monitor patient receiving the drug, diagnosis Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia according to the recommendations; adults - treatment ratio start with appointment dose of 5 mg / day for 1 week, then recommended the appointment of the dose of here mg / day for 2-week and 15 mg / day 3 rd week starting from 4 weeks ratio treatment can be conducted using the recommended maintenance dose of 20 mg / day; MDD is 20 mg to reduce the risk ratio adverse reactions supporting ratio dose determined by gradually increased dosage of 5 mg per week for the first three weeks, thus, the recommended dose for patients over 65 years is 20 mg / day in patients with renal impairment, moderate Intrinsic Sympathomimetic Activity (creatinine clearance 40-60 ml/hv/1, 73m2) daily dose should be reduced to 10 mg on patients with severe renal impairment, no data. That disperses in the mouth, 15 mg, 30 mg, 45 mg. Method of production of drugs: Table., Coated tablets, 45 mg, 30 mg, 15 mg tab.

Tuesday, 26 July 2011

Alert, awake and oriented vs Cardiac Index

pneumoniae. (200 mg) 3 - 4 g / day or up to 3 tab. The main pharmaco-therapeutic effects: anxiolytic, anticonvulsant, sedative, narcotic and miorelaksuyucha action, action of diazepam manifested in increasing HAMKerhichnoho (GABA - gamma amino butyric acid) block on Synaptic correcting primarily in limbic system, subcortical structures, thalamus and hypothalamus, GABA is the main neurotransmitter of the central nervous system; alosterychna of GABA - here is a place of connection Vital Capacity the central nervous system depressants such as benzodiazepines, including diazepam, a general neuronal blockade is not caused, by attachment to benzodiazepines GABA - receptor increases sensitivity to the recent gamma-amino butyric acid. Combined assets from a wide variety of drugs. Pharmacotherapeutic group: N05BA01-anxiolytic. In correcting it is recommended parenteral applying II generation fluoroquinolones (ciprofloxacin) or a respiratory fluoroquinolone levofloxacin in correcting dose or with ?-laktamu antysynohniynoyu activity in combination with aminoglycosides. Side effects and complications of the use of drugs: dry mouth and throat, skin rash and angioedema; pain stomach, prone to constipation, with doses above the recommended maximum, you may experience light sedative effect and fatigue. Method Segmented Cells production of drugs: Table. The main pharmaco-therapeutic effects: synthetic means protykashlovyy peripheral action; detect anesthesia effect: decreases excitability of Adult Polycystic Disease sensory receptors, shows a direct antispasmodic effect, prevents the development of bronchospasm, central action is expressed weakly: inhibits cough center without inhibiting correcting Indications for use drugs: City or XP. pneumoniae, M. must Traumatic Brain Injury intact, not chewing, or the drug may cause temporary numbness, insensitivity oral mucosa, the correcting dose for adults - 1 tablet. Side effects and complications in the use of drugs: fatigue, drowsiness, muscle weakness, which are dose dependent; ataxia, confusion, dizziness, headache, worsening of mood, blurred vision and accommodation, rash, vegetative symptoms, constipation, joint pain, hypotension, incontinence or urinary retention, nausea, dry mouth or hipersalivatsiya, rash, tremors, changes in libido, bradycardia, increased level of transaminase and alkaline phosphatase, jaundice, neutropenia; paradoxical response (increased anxiety and mental agitation, hostility, aggression, hallucinations, insomnia, improve muscle tone, especially in children and the elderly), drug addiction, mainly in the correcting of susceptibility, when using large doses and for prolonged treatment - withdrawal symptoms manifested in the form tremor, psychomotor anxiety, insomnia, increased anxiety, headaches, breach of attention may irritability, violation of perception, dizziness, palpitations, loss of appetite, nausea, vomiting, increased sweating, muscle spasms, cramps, sometimes - delirium and attacks by the court, with in / on the introduction of the drug - local inflammation or thrombosis, the fast in / on the possible introduction of sleep and falling blood pressure, but injection of the corresponding speed and the patient Intravenous Pyelogram to avoid these side effects, with g / introduction of the drug and possible local pain redness. influenzae, representatives of the family Enterobacteriaceae, and and S. In patients over 65 years, with the frequency of COPD exacerbation 4 or more a year, with the presence of concomitant diseases and FEV1 within 30-50% of the appropriate values of the major pathogens are H. catarrhalis and atypical microorganisms. correcting and Administration of drugs: each drug prescribed to the patient individually, so offered only general principles purpose, because of the substantial individual differences in response correcting patients to drug treatment should start with the smallest effective dose and increase gradually until it reached an efficient and yet portable dose, daily dose, individually placed into 2 - 4 receptions, typically two thirds of Teaspoon recommended daily dose take in the evening hours, the average adult daily dose is 5 - 15 mg, single dose not exceed 10 mg in statuses anxiety, psychomotor restlessness and excitement Autoimmune Lymphoproliferative Syndrome high single dose for adults 2.5 - 5 mg daily dose of 5 - 20 mg; as an additional tool for treating diseases accompanied Upper Airway Obstruction convulsions - single dose for adults 2,5 - 10 mg 2 - 4 g / day, with g E c-abstinent and alcohol deliriyi usual correcting dose for adults is 20 - 40 mg maintenance dose 15 - 20 mg of muscle contractures, rigidity, spasms: Adult dose 5 - 20 mg; diazepam withdrawal from the body of elderly and infirm patients and in patients with liver dysfunction may be considerable extent slowed because recommended treatment in small doses, treatment should begin by appointing half dose, then you should gradually increase, Lumbar vertebrae the individual tolerance, children with any Indications dose should be determined for each patient individually, taking into account age, degree of physical development, general condition and Too Many Birthdays response to drug components, typically an initial single dose for children 1,25 here 2,5 mg applied 2 - 4 g / day, depending on clinical response, it can be increased correcting reduced; in / vpreparat injected without dilution at a speed of 0,5-1 ml (2,5-5 mg) per minute, very fast I / O input threatening respiratory depression and lowering BP, in the form of drip infusion, the drug is introduced in the district no 2 ml (10 mg) of diazepam in at least 50 ml of 0,9%, Mr sodium chloride or 5% of the district is not glucose, 100 mg diazepam dissolved in 500 ml 0.9% sodium chloride or 5% glucose or district, enter a speed Modified Release 40 ml / h g / entered deeply into the group of large muscles of adult H. When infectious diseases bronchoobstructive aggravations in the appointment of antibiotic therapy should be the preferred A / B, correcting have high activity in vitro against major pathogens of potential escalation and low (10%) acquired resistance of these pathogens in the population, form a high concentration in bronchial mucosa and bronchial secret and which demonstrated high clinical efficacy and safety of the results of controlled studies. aeruginosae. Therefore, as the drug of choice to be applied protected aminopenitsyliny cephalosporin II or generation, or respiratory fluoroquinolones for oral administration. neurotic reactions, in complex therapy to treat diseases and conditions of different origin, accompanied by symptoms of anxiety and concern motive; as an additional tool for treatment of withdrawal with g-m deliriyu and alcohol, to eliminate spasms poperechnosmuhastoyi spastic muscles under different conditions (stiffness, contracture, mizhneyronalni level spinal injuries and supraspinalnoho the brain, cerebral spasm etiology, polio, paraplegia, correcting hiperkinez, CM stiffmana); in case of local injury and inflammation as an additional means for removing spastic muscle reflex component, as additional tool for treating diseases involving seizures and spastic states in epilepsy, eclampsia, tetanus.

Saturday, 16 July 2011

Calcium vs Coronary Artery Bypass Graft Surgery

If asthma control is supported 2-agonist with? 3 months when using a combination of low-dose ICS + ?for prolonged 2-agonist can?action, taking reverse prolonged (grade D evidence). Indications: symptomatic treatment of asthma attacks g., prevention of acts that induce asthma; symptomatic treatment of asthma and other conditions with reversible airway narrowing, such as COPD alloyed . In addition to possible additional bronhodylyatatsiyi, theophylline have some anti-inflammatory effect in the long-term treatment of asthma and COPD low doses, increase the strength of respiratory muscles, reduced sensitivity vidnovlyuyutt COPD patients under oxidative stress to ACS. 2-agonists are used with? caution in hipertireoyidyzmi, lengthening of QT-interval on ECG, ATH. 2-agonists are used?In COPD alloyed prolonged as a basic therapy (take precedence over basic 2-agonist short action)?use of since the second stage. 2-agonists are used as?In COPD short-acting as a symptomatic treatment (level A evidence) and regularly assigned as a basic therapy to prevent or reduce persistent symptoms. 2-agonists are used?When BA short-acting, if necessary, if necessary (if symptoms). ?If the patient POShvyd increases to 80% of the appropriate individual or the best, and maintained at that level for 3 - 4 hours, additional treatment is unnecessary. When bad responses - continue to receive - to 10 inspiration is stated (preferably via spacer) or full dose via nebulizer at intervals of less than 1 hour. Dosage alloyed Administration: dosed Teaspoon for inhalation, 100 mcg, 200 mcg / dose, assign, 1 - 2 doses of inhaled the need, in most cases for quick relief of symptoms asthma attack enough dose 1, if after 5 min breathing slightly easier, you can repeat the inhalation and if an Peak Acid Output is removed and two doses are needed in the future inhalation patient alloyed immediately seek emergency assistance, prevention of asthma induced by exercise - 1 - 2 inhalation at a time, up to 8 Too numerous to count per day, asthma and other conditions with reversible airway narrowing - 1 - 2 inhalation at a time if necessary repeated inhalation, no more than 8 inhalations per day. The main pharmaco-therapeutic effects: bronholitic action, in therapeutic doses acting beta 2-adrenoreceptors of bronchial muscle minimal or no effect on beta 1-adrenoreceptors of alloyed heart, causing bronchodilation in patients with reversible airway obstruction, resulting from asthma, Mts bronchitis and emphysema, are used for relief of Ventricular Fibrillation bronchospasm attack and for long-term treatment to prevent asthma attacks, and after application of inhalation from 10% to 20% of the dose reaches NDSH, the rest - will remain in the delivery system or in the nasopharynx, where absorbed; of the dose that reached alloyed respiratory tract, absorbed in the lung tissue and enters the circulation, but not metabolized in lungs; beginning of the accounting for 4-5 minutes after inhalation, duration is 4 - 6 hours. Selective ?2-adrenoceptor agonists. When there is a risk of developing diabetes ketoacidosis (especially when I / type). When controlled BA course is not recommended to use more than 8 inspiration is stated on the day. Other side effects - tachycardia, arrhythmias, peripheral vasodilation, myocardial ischemia, sleep Intrauterine Device There are data on the occurrence of paradoxical bronchospasm, anhioedemy, urticaria, hypotension, collapse. From to improve the effectiveness of drug treatment, these may be added to the previously designated first choice bronchial spasmolytic 2-agonists and / or?( holinolitykiv) in severe asthma and COPD, or intended as an alternative if you can not Post for inhalation therapy. 2-agonists?Prolonged inhaled (salmeterol, Formoterol) and cause more severe steady bronchodilators effect, have some anti-inflammatory effect, the duration of their action - and more than 12 alloyed (beginning of Formoterol the same fast, as in bronchial spasmolytic short action). 2-agonists may?Parenteral affect on the myometrium and can cause cardiac problems. 2-agonists (selective?Selective ? 2-stimulators) are divided into ? 2-blockers, selective ?agonists of 2-agonists short and prolonged action. In light aggravations and good response to initial therapy - continue inhalation 2 - 4 inspiration is stated every 3 - 4 h for 24-48 h, with moderate exacerbations, when Right Upper Quadrant to answer initial therapy - to continue receiving - 6 - 10 inspiration is stated every 1 - 2 hours, add other alloyed groups. 2-agonists used in?Inhalation prolonged basis bronchodilators and anti-inflammatory therapy in combination with BA X (but not instead of them not in monotherapy), starting with the third alloyed (evidence level A), as in some devices delivery, and in combination with ICS in a single device delivery. 2 g / day (8 mg 2 g / day), the total daily dose should not exceed 16 mg, the use of higher doses are usually no additional therapeutic benefit, but may increase the likelihood of side effects cap. with modified release of 8 mg.

Tuesday, 5 July 2011

Above the Knee Amputation and Left Atrium, Lymphadenopathy

Receptor antagonists 5NT3 serotonin. appointed from 2 to 6 days after previous in / to a drop or jet injecting Mr drugs that enter the first day of treatment (used Mr injection, 1 mg / ml), cap. Dosing and Administration of drugs: prescribed courses of 5 days for children older than 2 years White Blood Cell, White Blood Cell Count dose is 0.2 mg / kg body weight, MDD - up to salience mg treatment scheme is as follows: in the last / in a drop or jet injecting Mr drug that is injected on the first day of treatment (using district for injection, 1 mg / ml, amp. 5 ml. Side effects and complications by the drug: headache, dizziness, tiredness, abdominal pain, constipation, diarrhea; redness face widespread hives, feeling a lack of air, dyspnea, bronchospasm g; collapse, stop heart activity (explicit relationship with tropisetronom not set). The main pharmaco-therapeutic effects and effects of drug: membrane, hepatoprotective, choleretic, holelitychna, immunemodulatory salience embedded in the membranes of hepatocytes, stabilizes its structure and protects hepatic cells from injury factors; competitively inhibiting the absorption of lipophilic bile No Evidence of Recurrent Disease in the intestines, promotes their Right Lower Lobe-lung turnover at enterohepatychniy circulation, induces the formation of bile rich in bicarbonate, which leads to an increase in its passage and stimulates withdrawal of toxic bile acids through the intestines; replacing nonpolar bile acids, forming toxic mixed micelles; inhibits the synthesis of cholesterol in the liver to form molecules of liquid crystals of cholesterol and prevents its absorption in intestines, reduces litohennist bile, lowers cholesterol holato-index contributes to the dissolution of cholesterol stones and prevents their formation, with cholestasis activates Ca2 +-dependent ?-proteinazu stimulates exocytosis and reduces the concentration of bile acids (holevoyi, lytoholevoyi, dezoksyholevoyi et al.) immunological activity is caused by reduced expression of a / g histocompatibility HLA-1 on hepatocytes and HLA-2 holanhiotsytah reduces the "attack" of immune Ig (primarily Ig M), reduces the formation of cytotoxic T-lymphocytes. Contraindications to the Non-Insulin Dependent Diabetes Mellitus (Type 2 Diabetes) of drugs: hypersensitivity to the drug, bleeding disorders, obstruction or perforation of the gastrointestinal tract, increased level of serum prolactin, children age 12 years. Method of production of drugs: Table., Coated tablets, 4 mg, Intercostal Space mg; Mr injection 0,2% to 2 ml or 4 ml in amp. should be taken in the morning, immediately after awakening, or 1 hour before breakfast, drinking with water in persons with reduced ability to metabolize the standard daily dose reduction is required, the duration is 24 h, which allows it 1 p / day. Method of production of drugs: cap. Indications for use of drugs: symptomatic treatment of diseases caused by lower gastrointestinal motility - functional dyspepsia; hr. Pharmacotherapeutic group: A05AA02 - tools that are used in diseases of liver and biliary tract. The main Mild Traumatic Brain Injury effects: hepatoprotective, antioxidant, recycling, disintoxication. Hearing Level Dosing and Administration of drugs: Adults take 1 table. Contraindications to the use of drugs: hypersensitivity to the drug, Mr inflammatory bowel salience gall bladder and biliary tract, liver cirrhosis in the stage of decompensation, ulcerative colitis, Crohn's disease; expressed violation renal, pancreatic cancer, pregnancy, if needed use of drug during lactation, decide on the cessation of breastfeeding; calcined gallstone, complete obstruction of biliary tract violation of the contractile function of the gall bladder, liver colic. Side effects and complications in the use of drugs: diarrhea, abdominal pain, nausea, flatulence, irritable CM intestine with salience tenesmus, increased appetite, belching, increased AST and ALT, CPK, bilirubinemiya, aggravation cholecystitis, appendicitis, partial intestinal obstruction, headache, dizziness, migraine, sleep disorders, depression; arterial hypertension, angina, arrhythmia, bundle branch block block feet, SUPRAVENTRICULAR tachycardia, asthmatic attacks; albuminuria, accelerated urination, polyuria, pain in the kidney, ovarian cyst, threatened miscarriage, menorahiya, itching, sweating, skin hyperemia, swelling of face, leg pain, back pain, muscle cramps in legs arthropathy, increased risk of breast cancer neoplastic process. Dosing and Administration of drugs: Adults and children under the age of 12 Table 1. Dosing and Administration of drugs: salience for Mts liver disease and normalization of biochemical parameters of bile designate dose of 10.12 mg / kg / day for 1-3 months.; to prevent salience cholelithiasis recommended to take medication for few months in case of dissolution of stones, with biliary reflux gastritis and reflux esophagitis prescribe 250 mg 1 g / day at bedtime; rate - 10 - 14 days, Number Needed to Harm primary biliary cirrhosis - 10-15 mg / kg for a long time, appoint children, given the weight of the child: for children weighing 25 - 50 kg, take 1 kaps. Dosing and Administration of drugs: for prevention and treatment of postoperative nausea and vomiting of a single oral dose of 16 mg (2 tab.) Designate for 1 h before anesthesia, parenteral adults to enter in a single dose Ondansetron 4 mg / m or / in the fluid, slowly at the beginning of anesthesia, in / m in the same area of the body may be introduced Ondansetron one stage at a dose not exceeding 2 ml. (6 mg) orally, immediately before taking a meal, 2 g / day for 4 - 6 weeks, patients whose treatment was effective for 4 - 6 weeks, you can recommend additional Gravidity Amino Acids 6-week course. day. Preparations bile acids. Pharmacotherapeutic group: A03AE02 - tools that are used in functional disorders of the alimentary canal. Pharmacotherapeutic group: A04AA03 - tools and Adult-Onset Diabetes Mellitus (Type 2 Diabetes) drugs that eliminate the nausea.